Nepal's issues in the climate conference

It is estimated that Nepal will need २४ 24 billion by 2030 to adapt to climate change and २५ 25 billion to mitigate the effects. But not only the victimized nation can mobilize resources, but also credible national contribution is needed.

Amid the crisis of the coronavirus, mankind is also facing the unprecedented challenge of climate change. A Prime Ministerial delegation from Nepal is participating in the 26th World Conference on Climate Change to be held in Glasgow, Scotland.

But the success of high-level participation will depend on the issues that Nepal raises at the conference and the role it plays. It is not that Nepal has not participated in previous conferences, but it does not seem to have been able to vigorously address the crisis and suffering brought about by climate change. Due to this, Nepal has not been able to access the financial funds, tools and resources established to mitigate the effects of climate change.

If a country does not have a strong view of the burning issues of the world, it will not gain weight in the eyes of others. The international stance of a country is often considered to be a combination of three aspects: the specific qualities and mentality of the country's leadership, the political system and structure of the state, and the international political situation. Nepal is said to have pursued a non-aligned foreign policy for many years, but its involvement or non-alignment depends on the relevance (merit) of the international issue and the impact it has on its country.

When discussing the role that Nepal should play in the World Conference on Climate Change, BP Koirala's address to the UN General Assembly in 1960, as Prime Minister, that "small countries also have a big role to play" must be taken as a guide to climate change. For example, the United Nations reports that out of a total of 75 countries, 40 are underdeveloped and small island nations, which have been effectively leading their national climate change programs but have suffered the most from climate change.

As BP said if many small nations stand together and keep up the pressure, big and powerful nations will be forced to take responsibility. As a nation with no vested interests, Nepal has to talk about the environmental and social injustices that are taking place on the issue of climate change because the vested interests of big and powerful nations cannot be greater than the steps of time and history in the face of climate change.

Climate change is a challenge for all mankind, while Nepal's geography, backwardness in development and even a short distance of temperature differences have added to the challenge of Nepal. Nepal is one of the countries most affected by climate change and emits the least greenhouse gases. According to the Global Climate Risk Index, Nepal is the fourth most vulnerable country in the world. The other three are Puerto Rico, Sri Lanka and Dominica. Nepal's challenge is that the impact of climate change is greater than in other countries, but the capacity and resources to deal with the damage are extremely limited.

If the earth's temperature rises and the threshold of 1.5 degrees Celsius is exceeded, the effect will be catastrophic. Rising temperatures will disrupt monsoon-like weather systems; Due to the submergence of settlements near the sea and other changes in the weather, fires, fires, droughts, floods, landslides, heavy rains, hurricanes, glacial lake eruptions, etc. will be the victims of natural disasters.

Unseasonal rains caused misery in Nepal last week. More than a hundred people were killed and many more went missing. How many houses and farms were swept away by the floods, and the remaining billions of rupees worth of crops, including paddy, were destroyed just to bring them home from east to west. Hundreds of settlements in Nepal are at risk every year due to landslides during the dry season or floods and landslides during the rainy season. The eruption of glaciers or heavy rains has led to flooding, landslides, clogging of rivers, and massive flooding and inundation of low-lying areas. Low or heavy rainfall has affected everything from agricultural production to roads, electricity, irrigation, drinking water, etc. Particularly poor, marginalized and low-income earners are more likely to be affected by climate change. In terms of economic losses, the Government of Nepal estimates that up to 2 percent of GDP per year will be directly affected by climate change. In a year of extreme impact, up to 5 percent of GDP will be lost, many times more than in many countries.

If all countries in the world do not work effectively to reduce their share of greenhouse gas emissions, more and more challenges will be added each year. A recent report by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change found that global warming in the atmosphere, oceans and land due to human activity (greenhouse gas emissions — carbon dioxide, methane and other greenhouse gases) is causing extreme heat, extreme rainfall, droughts, droughts and cyclones. It has been pointed out that the sea and its surface are rising. The United Nations has called the report a "grave alarm bell" for mankind. On the one hand, coal, petrol, diesel and other fuels seem to have made life easier, on the other hand, these fossil fuels are slowly destroying the earth.